The vegetation of Bulgaria is agrarian and cultivated. The ligneous formations are dominant (about 27 % of Bulgaria's area): oak, Quercus frainetto, Sessile oak, beech, European hornbeam, Oriental sessile oak, Oriental beech, Scotch pine, Pinus nigra, Spruce fir, White fir. The vegetation species totals about 12 400. The endemic species on the Balkan Peninsula number 285 - Haberlea rhodopensis, Ramonda serbica, Pinus peuce, Horse chestnut. The Bulgarian endemics number 270 species: in the Rhodope mountains - Lathraea rhodopaea, Rhodope violet, Rhodope lily; in Pirin mountains - Pirin fescue, Pirin sedge, Centaurea Achtarovii; in Slavyanka mountains - Centaurea parilica, Fritillana drenovskyi; in Rila mountains - Rila primrose, Rila rhubarb; in Middle Stara Planina - Stara Planina primrose.